Foundations of Physics

The conceptual foundations of physics have been under constant revision from the outset, and remain so today. Discussion of foundational issues has always been a major source of progress in science, on a par with empirical knowledge and mathematics. Examples include the debates on the nature of space and time involving Newton and later Einstein; on the nature of heat and of energy; on irreversibility and probability due to Boltzmann; on the nature of matter and observation measurement during the early days of quantum theory; on the meaning of renormalisation, and many others. Today, insightful reflection on the conceptual structure utilised in our efforts to understand the physical world is of particular value, given the serious unsolved problems that are likely to demand, once again, modifications of the grammar of our scientific description of the physical world. The quantum properties of gravity, the nature of measurement in quantum mechanics, the primary source of irreversibility, the role of information in physics – all these are examples of questions about which science is still confused and whose solution may well demand more than skilled mathematics and new experiments. Foundations of Physics is a privileged forum for discussing such foundational issues, open to physicists, cosmologists, philosophers and mathematicians. It is devoted to the conceptual bases of the fundamental theories of physics and cosmology, to their logical, methodological, and philosophical premises. The journal welcomes papers on issues such as the foundations of special and general relativity, quantum theory, classical and quantum field theory, quantum gravity, unified theories, thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, cosmology, and similar.

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Category	Year	Quartile
History and Philosophy of Science	2023	Q1
Philosophy	2023	Q1
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	1999	Q3
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2000	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2001	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2002	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2003	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2004	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2005	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2006	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2007	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2008	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2009	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2010	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2011	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2012	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2013	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2014	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2015	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2016	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2017	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2018	Q3
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2019	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2020	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2021	Q2
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2022	Q3
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)	2023	Q2

SJR

The SJR is a size-independent prestige indicator that ranks journals by their 'average prestige per article'. It is based on the idea that 'all citations are not created equal'. SJR is a measure of scientific influence of journals that accounts for both the number of citations received by a journal and the importance or prestige of the journals where such citations come from It measures the scientific influence of the average article in a journal, it expresses how central to the global scientific discussion an average article of the journal is.

Year	SJR
1999	0.406
2000	0.452
2001	0.443
2002	0.637
2003	0.475
2004	0.810
2005	0.675
2006	0.615
2007	0.622
2008	0.557
2009	0.520
2010	0.449
2011	0.630
2012	0.828
2013	0.812
2014	0.857
2015	0.601
2016	0.569
2017	0.454
2018	0.381
2019	0.452
2020	0.599
2021	0.431
2022	0.338
2023	0.450

Total Documents

Evolution of the number of published documents. All types of documents are considered, including citable and non citable documents.

Year	Documents
1999	80
2000	107
2001	77
2002	76
2003	87
2004	74
2005	87
2006	77
2007	89
2008	73
2009	76
2010	115
2011	107
2012	100
2013	85
2014	82
2015	101
2016	85
2017	84
2018	94
2019	76
2020	95
2021	107
2022	120
2023	93

Citations per document

This indicator counts the number of citations received by documents from a journal and divides them by the total number of documents published in that journal. The chart shows the evolution of the average number of times documents published in a journal in the past two, three and four years have been cited in the current year. The two years line is equivalent to journal impact factor ™ (Thomson Reuters) metric.

Cites per document	Year	Value
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	1999	0.599
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2000	0.602
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2001	0.600
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2002	0.737
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2003	0.791
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2004	0.934
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2005	1.140
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2006	1.105
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2007	1.086
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2008	0.783
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2009	0.985
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2010	0.879
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2011	0.989
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2012	1.202
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2013	1.123
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2014	1.302
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2015	1.313
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2016	1.130
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2017	1.119
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2018	1.273
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2019	1.201
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2020	1.310
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2021	1.716
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2022	1.417
Cites / Doc. (4 years)	2023	1.422
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	1999	0.599
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2000	0.670
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2001	0.606
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2002	0.773
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2003	0.800
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2004	1.046
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2005	1.177
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2006	1.121
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2007	1.109
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2008	0.866
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2009	0.996
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2010	0.882
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2011	1.023
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2012	1.275
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2013	1.174
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2014	1.418
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2015	1.199
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2016	1.112
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2017	1.175
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2018	1.233
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2019	1.297
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2020	1.469
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2021	1.589
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2022	1.335
Cites / Doc. (3 years)	2023	1.453
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	1999	0.632
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2000	0.676
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2001	0.658
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2002	0.658
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2003	1.013
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2004	1.067
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2005	1.062
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2006	1.019
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2007	1.280
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2008	0.807
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2009	0.852
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2010	0.966
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2011	1.042
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2012	1.311
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2013	1.275
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2014	1.189
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2015	1.210
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2016	1.180
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2017	1.097
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2018	1.444
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2019	1.449
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2020	1.353
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2021	1.363
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2022	1.381
Cites / Doc. (2 years)	2023	1.379

Total Cites

Self-Cites

Evolution of the total number of citations and journal's self-citations received by a journal's published documents during the three previous years.
Journal Self-citation is defined as the number of citation from a journal citing article to articles published by the same journal.

Cites	Year	Value
Self Cites	1999	29
Self Cites	2000	24
Self Cites	2001	23
Self Cites	2002	26
Self Cites	2003	21
Self Cites	2004	30
Self Cites	2005	30
Self Cites	2006	26
Self Cites	2007	45
Self Cites	2008	15
Self Cites	2009	27
Self Cites	2010	25
Self Cites	2011	28
Self Cites	2012	25
Self Cites	2013	43
Self Cites	2014	28
Self Cites	2015	20
Self Cites	2016	26
Self Cites	2017	34
Self Cites	2018	22
Self Cites	2019	29
Self Cites	2020	21
Self Cites	2021	69
Self Cites	2022	33
Self Cites	2023	64
Total Cites	1999	163
Total Cites	2000	183
Total Cites	2001	177
Total Cites	2002	204
Total Cites	2003	208
Total Cites	2004	251
Total Cites	2005	279
Total Cites	2006	278
Total Cites	2007	264
Total Cites	2008	219
Total Cites	2009	238
Total Cites	2010	210
Total Cites	2011	270
Total Cites	2012	380
Total Cites	2013	378
Total Cites	2014	414
Total Cites	2015	320
Total Cites	2016	298
Total Cites	2017	315
Total Cites	2018	333
Total Cites	2019	341
Total Cites	2020	373
Total Cites	2021	421
Total Cites	2022	371
Total Cites	2023	468

External Cites per Doc

Cites per Doc

Evolution of the number of total citation per document and external citation per document (i.e. journal self-citations removed) received by a journal's published documents during the three previous years. External citations are calculated by subtracting the number of self-citations from the total number of citations received by the journal’s documents.

Cites	Year	Value
External Cites per document	1999	0.493
External Cites per document	2000	0.582
External Cites per document	2001	0.527
External Cites per document	2002	0.674
External Cites per document	2003	0.719
External Cites per document	2004	0.921
External Cites per document	2005	1.051
External Cites per document	2006	1.016
External Cites per document	2007	0.920
External Cites per document	2008	0.806
External Cites per document	2009	0.883
External Cites per document	2010	0.777
External Cites per document	2011	0.917
External Cites per document	2012	1.191
External Cites per document	2013	1.040
External Cites per document	2014	1.322
External Cites per document	2015	1.124
External Cites per document	2016	1.015
External Cites per document	2017	1.049
External Cites per document	2018	1.152
External Cites per document	2019	1.186
External Cites per document	2020	1.386
External Cites per document	2021	1.328
External Cites per document	2022	1.216
External Cites per document	2023	1.255
Cites per document	1999	0.599
Cites per document	2000	0.670
Cites per document	2001	0.606
Cites per document	2002	0.773
Cites per document	2003	0.800
Cites per document	2004	1.046
Cites per document	2005	1.177
Cites per document	2006	1.121
Cites per document	2007	1.109
Cites per document	2008	0.866
Cites per document	2009	0.996
Cites per document	2010	0.882
Cites per document	2011	1.023
Cites per document	2012	1.275
Cites per document	2013	1.174
Cites per document	2014	1.418
Cites per document	2015	1.199
Cites per document	2016	1.112
Cites per document	2017	1.175
Cites per document	2018	1.233
Cites per document	2019	1.297
Cites per document	2020	1.469
Cites per document	2021	1.589
Cites per document	2022	1.335
Cites per document	2023	1.453

% International Collaboration

International Collaboration accounts for the articles that have been produced by researchers from several countries. The chart shows the ratio of a journal's documents signed by researchers from more than one country; that is including more than one country address.

Year	International Collaboration
1999	18.75
2000	18.69
2001	22.08
2002	18.42
2003	20.69
2004	9.46
2005	10.34
2006	20.78
2007	13.48
2008	19.18
2009	13.16
2010	24.35
2011	20.56
2012	25.00
2013	23.53
2014	23.17
2015	14.85
2016	27.06
2017	19.05
2018	31.91
2019	28.95
2020	17.89
2021	14.02
2022	23.33
2023	17.20

Citable documents

Non-citable documents

Not every article in a journal is considered primary research and therefore "citable", this chart shows the ratio of a journal's articles including substantial research (research articles, conference papers and reviews) in three year windows vs. those documents other than research articles, reviews and conference papers.

Documents	Year	Value
Non-citable documents	1999	0
Non-citable documents	2000	0
Non-citable documents	2001	0
Non-citable documents	2002	0
Non-citable documents	2003	0
Non-citable documents	2004	1
Non-citable documents	2005	1
Non-citable documents	2006	3
Non-citable documents	2007	2
Non-citable documents	2008	6
Non-citable documents	2009	7
Non-citable documents	2010	8
Non-citable documents	2011	8
Non-citable documents	2012	8
Non-citable documents	2013	10
Non-citable documents	2014	11
Non-citable documents	2015	9
Non-citable documents	2016	11
Non-citable documents	2017	9
Non-citable documents	2018	16
Non-citable documents	2019	14
Non-citable documents	2020	15
Non-citable documents	2021	14
Non-citable documents	2022	13
Non-citable documents	2023	10
Citable documents	1999	272
Citable documents	2000	273
Citable documents	2001	292
Citable documents	2002	264
Citable documents	2003	260
Citable documents	2004	239
Citable documents	2005	236
Citable documents	2006	245
Citable documents	2007	236
Citable documents	2008	247
Citable documents	2009	232
Citable documents	2010	230
Citable documents	2011	256
Citable documents	2012	290
Citable documents	2013	312
Citable documents	2014	281
Citable documents	2015	258
Citable documents	2016	257
Citable documents	2017	259
Citable documents	2018	254
Citable documents	2019	249
Citable documents	2020	239
Citable documents	2021	251
Citable documents	2022	265
Citable documents	2023	312

Cited documents

Uncited documents

Ratio of a journal's items, grouped in three years windows, that have been cited at least once vs. those not cited during the following year.

Documents	Year	Value
Uncited documents	1999	190
Uncited documents	2000	181
Uncited documents	2001	201
Uncited documents	2002	160
Uncited documents	2003	157
Uncited documents	2004	123
Uncited documents	2005	120
Uncited documents	2006	133
Uncited documents	2007	123
Uncited documents	2008	147
Uncited documents	2009	134
Uncited documents	2010	140
Uncited documents	2011	142
Uncited documents	2012	137
Uncited documents	2013	157
Uncited documents	2014	129
Uncited documents	2015	125
Uncited documents	2016	130
Uncited documents	2017	128
Uncited documents	2018	142
Uncited documents	2019	124
Uncited documents	2020	115
Uncited documents	2021	112
Uncited documents	2022	124
Uncited documents	2023	128
Cited documents	1999	82
Cited documents	2000	92
Cited documents	2001	91
Cited documents	2002	104
Cited documents	2003	103
Cited documents	2004	117
Cited documents	2005	117
Cited documents	2006	115
Cited documents	2007	115
Cited documents	2008	106
Cited documents	2009	105
Cited documents	2010	98
Cited documents	2011	122
Cited documents	2012	161
Cited documents	2013	165
Cited documents	2014	163
Cited documents	2015	142
Cited documents	2016	138
Cited documents	2017	140
Cited documents	2018	128
Cited documents	2019	139
Cited documents	2020	139
Cited documents	2021	153
Cited documents	2022	154
Cited documents	2023	194